![]() Houston Chronicle Show More Show Less 11 of58 The front page of the Houston Chronicle after Hurricane Carla, September 12, 1961. Houston Chronicle Show More Show Less 10 of58 The front page of the Houston Chronicle after Hurricane Carla, September 11, 1961. Houston Chronicle Show More Show Less 9 of58 Galveston is at the center of the concentric circles on the screen and the eye of the hurricane is at the tip of the pencil. Hundreds of thousands of television viewers saw this picture of a storm through the facilities of KHOU-TV as Carla was tracked toward the Texas coast. This is how Hurricane Carla looked on the radar screen at the isolated United States Weather Bureau Station at Galveston in 1961. Houston Chronicle Show More Show Less 8 of58 Tri-City Beach, Camp Allen is in the upper right, after Hurricane Carla, 1961. Grey Villet/The LIFE Picture Collection/Getty Images Show More Show Less 7 of58 Galveston, Hurricane Carla, 1961 Larry Evans/Houston Chronicle Show More Show Less 6 of58Ī view of the wreckage after Hurricane Carla. Beaumont Enterprise file Show More Show Less 5 of58 ![]() Larry Evans/Houston Chronicle Show More Show Less 4 of58įILE - Port Acres, which is now part of Port Arthur, was also flooded by Hurricane Carla in 1961. It was the last category-4 storm to make landfall in Texas. Houston Chronicle file Show More Show Less 2 of58 See the damage done to Texas by Hurricane Carla Show More Show Less 3 of58 In 1961 Hurricane Carla hit Texas as a Category 4 storm (after downgrading from Category 5), killing 43 people and creating wide-spread damage in Texas. doi.org/10.23867/RI0061D.Houston Chronicle front page from Sept. O., 1967, Hurricanes as Geological Agents: Case Studies of Hurricanes Carla, 1961, and Cindy, 1963: The University of Texas at Austin, Bureau of Economic Geology, Report of Investigations No. Keywords: tropical storms, hurricanes, Texas coast, Padre Island, beaches, nearshore, Cindy, Carla Some important stratigraphic implications of these observations include: (a) Hurricanes can mix environment-sensitive faunas from a variety of environments into a single sedimentary deposit (b) hurricanes can play a primary role in sediment transport in nearshore environments (c) hurricanes displace sedimentary processes such that sediment textures and structures normally related to a particular process (e.g., fluvial channel flow) may occur in alien areas and (d) a great deal of energy is expended sporadically in nearshore environments rather than in a uniform, constant manner. A much milder storm ( Cindy) passed through the area in September 1963, and a small swash bar was deposited over the seaward edge of the pre-existing hurricane beach. The storm also submerged high-level mud flats along the landward side of Laguna Madre and covered them with a fresh layer of mud. The landward side of the barrier island (wind-tidal flats) received much washover material containing surf zone and beach molluscs. The formation of a broad, flat hurricane beach drastically altered the beach profile. The storm removed a belt of foredunes 20 to 50 yards wide from the seaward side of Padre Island and left the foredune ridge with wave-cut cliffs up to 10 feet high. These currents deposited a thin layer (0.5 to 1.5 inches) of sand over what was previously sandy mud bottom out to depths of 60 feet and a graded layer of fine sand, silt, and clay (a turbidite) farther out on the shelf. After the storm passed inland, strong currents spilled out of the numerous hurricane channels cut into the island by the storm-surge flood. As the storm moved landward, it picked up mollusc shells, rock fragments, coral blocks, and other materials from depths as great as 50 to 80 feet and deposited them on the barrier island. The bottom of the inner neritic zone was both a contributor and a receiver of hurricane deposits. The comparison of a part of the nearshore environmental complex of a segment of the south Texas coast before and after hurricane Carla, 1961, shows the effects of the storm. Greatest geological effects of these storms are produced by wind-driven waves and by storm surges. Tropical storms, which cross the Texas coastline with a frequency of 0.67 storms per year, play a major role in nearshore sedimentation on the south Texas coast. To purchase this publication in book format, please order RI0061. Hurricanes as Geological Agents: Case Studies of Hurricanes Carla, 1961, and Cindy, 1963, by M. Gulf Coast Association of Geological Societies.Wilcox Group, East Texas, Geological / Hydrological Folios.Environmental Geologic Atlas of the Texas Coastal Zone. ![]()
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